OWL Web Ontology Language Guide: "'Tell me what wines I should buy to serve with each course of the following menu. And, by the way, I don't like Sauternes.'
It would be difficult today to construct a Web agent that would be capable of performing a search for wines on the Web that satisfied this query. Similarly, consider actually assigning a software agent the task of making a coherent set of travel arrangements. (For more use cases see the OWL requirements document.)
To support this sort of computation, it is necessary to go beyond keywords and specify the meaning of the resources described on the Web. This additional layer of interpretation captures the semantics of the data.
The OWL Web Ontologoy Language is a language for defining and instantiating Web ontologies. Ontology is a term borrowed from philosophy that refers to the science of describing the kinds of entities in the world and how they are related. An OWL ontology may include descriptions of classes, properties and their instances. Given such an ontology, the OWL formal semantics specifies how to derive its logical consequences, i.e. facts not literally present in the ontology, but entailed by the semantics. These entailments may be based on a single document or multiple distributed documents that have been combined using defined OWL mechanisms."
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